Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Subkingdom Parazoa > Phylum Porifera > Subphylum Cellularia > Class Demospongiae > Subclass Keratosa > Order Dictyoceratida > Family Irciniidae > Genus Ircinia

Ircinia variabilis (Schmidt, 1862)

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Original genus

Ircinia Nardo, 1833

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Ircinia*	Nardo, 1833	accepted genus name
*Filifera*	Lieberkühn, 1859	synonym
*Hircinia*	Nardo, 1834	synonym

Species group names

*Hircinia variabilis*	Schmidt, 1862	synonym
*Hircinia variabilis var. fistulata*	Szymanski, 1904	synonym
*Ircinia hebes*	(Schmidt, 1862)	synonym
*Ircinia hirsuta*	(Schmidt, 1862)	synonym
*Ircinia lingua*	(Schmidt, 1868)	synonym
*Ircinia panicea*	(Schmidt, 1862)	synonym

Vernaculars (+) (-)

English: variable loggerhead sponge sources: Cole, T. C. H. (2017). Wörterbuch der Wirbellosen / Dictionary of Invertebrates. Latein-Deutsch-English. 2017. Springer Spektrum: Berlin. ISBN 978-3-662-52869-3. XII, 574 pp.

German: Variabler Lederschwamm

Literature

basis of record	Pronzato, R.; Malva, R.; Manconi, R. (2004). The taxonomic status of Ircinia fasciculata, Ircinia felix, and Ircinia variabilis (Dictyoceratida, Irciinidae). In: Pansini M, Pronzato R, Bavestrello G, Manconi R, Sarà M (eds) Sponge Science in the New Millenium. Papers contributed to the VI International Sponge Conference Rapallo (Italy) 29 September – 5 October 2002. Bollettino dei Musei e degli Istituti Biologici della Univertità di Genova. 68: 553-563.
additional source	Roveta, C.; Marrocco, T.; Calcinai, B.; Pulido Mantas, T.; Pica, D.; Valisano, L.; Puce, S. (2022). Unravelling the sponge diversity of the Tuscan Archipelago National Park (Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy). The European Zoological Journal. 89(1): 310-323.
additional source	Corriero, G.; Scalera-Liaci, L.; Gristina, M.; Riggio, S.; Mercurio, M. (1997). Composizione tassonomica e distribuzione della fauna e Poriferi e Briozoi in una grotta semisommersa della riserva naturale marina "Isola di Ustica". Biologia Marina Mediterranea. 4 (1), 34-43.
additional source	Evcen, A.; Özalp, B. (2023). Marine invertebrate fauna (Porifera, Anthozoa) and biodiversity status on the historically important wreck sites of HMS Majestic and Helles Barges (Northern Aegean coast of Türkiye). pp. 56-72 in Öz, M.İ. (Ed.) 2023. Shipwrecks of the Gallipoli Campaign and Protection of Marine Biodiversity. Turkish Marine Research Foundation (TUDAV) Publication no: 69, İstanbul, Türkiye.
additional source	Corriero, G.; Pansini, M.; Sarà, M. (1984). Sui Poriferi della insenatura della Strea a Porto Cesareo (Lecce). Thalassia Salentina. 14, 1-10.
additional source	Gerovasileiou, V.; Voultsiadou, E. (2016). Sponge diversity gradients in marine caves of the eastern Mediterranean. In: Schönberg C.H.L., Fromont J., Hooper J.N.A., Sorokin S., Zhang W. & de Voogd N (eds) New Frontiers in Sponge Science. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 96: 407-416.
additional source	Aloui-Bejaoui, N.; Afli, A. (2012). Functional diversity of the macro-invertebrate community in the port area of Kerkennah Islands (Tunisia). Mediteranean Marine Science. 13 (1): 93-102.
additional source	Longo, C.; Cardone, F.; Pierri, C.; Mercurio, M.; Mucciolo, S.; Marzano, C.N.; Corriero, G. (2018). Sponges associated with coralligenous formations along the Apulian coasts. Marine Biodiversity. 48(4): 2151-2163.
additional source	Pansini, M.; Morri, C.; Bianchi, C.N. (2000). The sponge community of a subtidal area with hydrothermal vents: Milos island, Aegean Sea. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science. 51, 627-635.
additional source	Costa, G.; Giussani, V.; Kletou, D.; Kleitou, P.; Pansini, M.; Setti, A.; Pronzato, R.; Bertolino, M. (2018). A first preliminary study of the shallow water sponge fauna from Cyprus Island (Eastern Mediterranean). Zootaxa. 4450(5): 594.
additional source	Đorđević, N.; Petović, S. (2020). Diversity and distribution of class Demospongiae (phylum Porifera) in the Boka Kotorska bay. Studia Marina. 33 (2): 5-14.
additional source	Van Soest, R.W.M. (2001). Porifera, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels. 50: 85-103.
additional source	Pansini, M.; Musso, B. (1991). Sponges from trawl-exploitable bottoms of the Ligurian and Tyrrhenian Seas: distribution and ecology. P.S.Z.N.I.: Marine Ecology. 12 (4): 317-329.
additional source	Evcen, A.; Çinar, M. E.; Zengin, M.; Süer, S.; Rüzgar, M. (2016). New records of five sponge species (Porifera) for the Black Sea. Zootaxa. 4103(3): 267.
additional source	Rützler, K.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Piantoni, C. (2009). Sponges (Porifera) of the Gulf of Mexico. in: Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A & M Press, College Station, Texas. 285–313.
additional source	Pansini, M. (1987). Littoral demosponges from the banks of the Strait of Sicily and the Alboran Sea. In: Vacelet J, Boury-Esnault N (eds) Taxonomy of Porifera from the N.E. Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea. NATO Advanced Science Institutes Series G, Ecological Sciences Springer, Heidelberg. 13, 149-185.
additional source	Idan, T.; Shefer, S.; Feldstein, T.; Yahel, R.; Huchon, D.; Ilan, M. (2018). Shedding light on an East-Mediterranean mesophotic sponge ground community and the regional sponge fauna. Mediterranean marine science. 19(1): 84-106.
additional source	Pulitzer-Finali, G.; Pronzato, R. (1981 [1980]). The Keratosa in a collection of Mediterranean sponges mainly from the Italian coasts. Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale Giacomo Doria. 83: 127-158.
additional source	Kefalas, E.; Castritsi-Catharios, I; Miliou, H. (2003). The impacts of scallop dredging on sponge assemblages in the Gulf of Kalloni (Aegean Sea, northeastern Mediterranean). ICES Journal of Marine Science. 60, 402-10.
additional source	Idan, T.; Shefer, S.; Feldstein, T.; Ilan, M. (2021). New discoveries in Eastern Mediterranean mesophotic sponge grounds: updated checklist and description of three novel sponge species. Mediterranean Marine Science. 22 (2): 270-284.
additional source	Voultsiadou-Koukoura, E.; Koukouras, A. (1993). Contribution to the knowledge of Keratose sponges (Dictyoceratida, Dendroceratida, Verongida: Demospongiae, Porifera) of the Aegean Sea. Mitt. Zool. Mus. Berlin. 69, 57-72.
additional source	Corriero, G.; Abbiati, M.; Santangelo, G. (1997). Sponges inhabiting a Mediteranean red coral population. Marine Ecology. 18 (2), 147-155.
additional source	Corriero, G. (1989). The sponge fauna from the Stagnone di Marsala (Sicily): taxonomic and ecological observations. Bolletino Museo Istituto Biologia Università Genova. 53: 101-113.
additional source	Labate, M. (1964). Poriferi di grotta superficiale del litorale adriatico pugliese. Annali del Pontificio Istituto Scienze e Lettere S. Chiara, Napoli. 14, 319-342.
additional source	Krikech, I.; Le Pennec, G.; Ezziyyani, M. (2022). Preliminary study of the shallow water sponges (Demospongiae) from the north-central Moroccan Mediterranean coast. AACL Bioflux. 15 (1): 305-313.
additional source	Costa, G.; Betti, F.; Nepote, E.; Cattaneo-Vietti, R.; Pansini, M.; Bavestrello, G.; Bertolino, M. (2018). Sponge community variations within two semi-submerged caves of the Ligurian Sea (Mediterranean Sea) over a half-century time span. The European Zoological Journal. 85 (1): 382-392.
additional source	Evcen, A.; Çinar, M.E. (2012). Sponge (Porifera) species from the Mediterranean coast of Turkey (Levantine Sea, eastern Mediterranean), with a checklist of sponges from the coasts of Turkey. Turkish Journal of Zoology,. 36, 460-464.

Genbank

Citation

de Voogd, N.J.; Alvarez, B.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Díaz, M.-C.; Dohrmann, M.; Downey, R.; Goodwin, C.; Hajdu, E.; Hooper, J.N.A.; Kelly, M.; Klautau, M.; Lim, S.C.; Manconi, R.; Morrow, C.; Pinheiro, U.; Pisera, A.B.; Ríos, P.; Rützler, K.; Schönberg, C.; Turner, T.; Vacelet, J.; van Soest, R.W.M.; Xavier, J. (2025). World Porifera Database. Ircinia variabilis (Schmidt, 1862). Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:132362