Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Subkingdom Eumetazoa > Phylum Cnidaria > Subphylum Anthozoa > Class Octocorallia > Order Scleralcyonacea > Superfamily Pennatuloidea > Family Pennatulidae > Genus Pennatula

Pennatula rubra Ellis, 1764

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Pennatula*	Linnaeus, 1758	accepted genus name
*Penna*	Bohadsch, 1761	synonym

Vernaculars (+) (-)

English: dark-red sea-pen sources: Cole, T. C. H. (2017). Wörterbuch der Wirbellosen / Dictionary of Invertebrates. Latein-Deutsch-English. 2017. Springer Spektrum: Berlin. ISBN 978-3-662-52869-3. XII, 574 pp.

German: Dunkelrote Seefeder

Literature

original description	Ellis, J. (1764). An account of the sea pen, or Pennatula phosphorea of Linnaeus; likewise a description of a new species of sea pen, found on the coast of South-Carolina, with observations on sea-pens in general. In a letter to the honourable Coote Molesworth, Esq.; M.D. and F.R.S. from John Ellis, Esq; F.R.S. and member of the Royal Academy of Upsal. Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. 53: 419-435.
basis of record	Williams, G.C.; van der Land, J. (2001). Octocorallia - Pennatulacea. in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels 50: pp. 105-106.
additional source	Kölliker, A. von. (1869). Anatomisch-systematische Beschreibung der Alcyonarien. Erste Abtheilung: Die Pennatuliden. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 7: 111-255, plates 1-15.
additional source	Williams, G.C. (1990). The Pennatulacea of southern Africa (Coelenterata, Anthozoa). Annals of the South African Museum. Annale van die Suid-Afrikaanse Museum. 99:31-119.
additional source	Deichmann, E. (1936). The Alcyonaria of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard College. 53: 1-317, plates 1-37.
additional source	Tixier-Durivault, A. (1961). Les Octocoralliaires du Golfe de Guinee et des Iles de Cap-Vert (Alcyonacea, Pennatulacea). Annales de l'Institut oceanographique, Monaco. 39: 237-262.
additional source	Williams, G.C. (1999). Index Pennatulacea: annotated bibliography and indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999. Proc. Calif. Acad. Sci. 51(2): 19-103, 1 fig., 14 plates.
additional source	Gray, J.E. (1860). II. Revision of the family Pennatulidae, with descriptions of some new species in the British Museum. Annals and Magazine of Natural History: Zoology, Botany and Geology, Series 3. 5(25-30): 20-25.
additional source	Broch, H. (1958). Octocorals. Part I. Pennatularians. Discovery Reports, XXIX, 245-280, plates XI, XII
additional source	Williams, G.C. (1999). Index Pennatulacea: annotated bibliography and indexes of the Sea Pens (Coelenterata: Octocorallia) of the World 1469-1999. Proceedings of the California Academy of Sciences. 51(2): 19-103.
additional source	López-González, P. J.; Gili, J. M.; Williams, G. C. (2001). New records of Pennatulacea (Anthozoa: Octocorallia) from the African Atlantic coast, with description of a new species and a zoogeographic analysis. Scientia Marina. 65(1), 59-74.
additional source	Thomson, J. A. (1929). Alcyonaires des environs de Monaco et de localités diverses. Bulletin de l'Institut Océanographique (Monaco), (534): 1-10
additional source	Kükenthal, W.; Broch, H. (1911). Pennatulacea. Wissensch. Ergebn. Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition "Valdivia". 13(1), 2: i-iv + 113-576, plates 13-29.
additional source	Kükenthal, W. (1915). Pennatularia. Das Tierreich. 43: 1-132.
additional source	Williams, G. Pennatulacea checklist for ERMS2.
additional source	Williams G.C. (1995). Living genera of sea pens (Coelenterata: Pennatulacea): illustrated key and synopses. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 113, pp. 93-140.

Genbank

Citation

McFadden, C.S.; Cordeiro, R.; Samimi-Namin, K.; Williams, G.; van Ofwegen, L. (2025). World List of Octocorallia. Pennatula rubra Ellis, 1764. Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:128519