Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Subkingdom Eumetazoa > Phylum Chordata > Subphylum Tunicata > Class Ascidiacea > Order Phlebobranchia > Family Ascidiidae > Genus Phallusia

Phallusia nigra Savigny, 1816

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Phallusia*	Savigny, 1816	accepted genus name

Literature

original description	Savigny, J. C. (1816). Memoires sur les animaux sans vertebres. Paris. 2: 1-239.
basis of record	Monniot, C. (2001). Ascidiacea & Sorberacea. In: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels. 50: pp. 352-355.
additional source	Cole, L. and G. Lambert. 2009. Tunicata (Urochordata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 1209–1216 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College Station, Texas.
additional source	van der Land, J. (ed). (2008). UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms (URMO).
additional source	Galil, B. (2007). Seeing Red: Alien species along the Mediterranean coast of Israel. Aquatic Invasions. 2(4): 281-312.
additional source	Izquierdo-Muñoz, A.; Díaz-Valdés, M.; Ramos-Esplá, A.A. (2009). Recent non-indigenous ascidians in the Mediterranean Sea. Aquatic Invasions. 4(1): 59-64.
additional source	Streftaris, N., A. Zenetos & E. Papathanassiou. (2005). Globalisation in marine ecosystems: the story of non-indigenous marine species across European seas. Oceanogry and Marine Biology: an Annual Review. 43: 419-453.
additional source	Zenetos, A., S. Gofas, M. Verlaque, M. Cinar, J. Garcia Raso, C. Bianchi, C. Morri, E. Azzurro, M. Bilecenoglu, C. Froglia, I. Siokou, D. Violanti, A. Sfriso, G. San Martin, A. Giangrande, T. Katagan, E. Ballesteros, A. Ramos-Espla, F. Mastrototaro, O. Ocana, A. Zingone, M,. Gambi & N. Streftaris. (2010). Alien species in the Mediterranean Sea by 2010. A contribution to the application of European Union's Marine Strategy Framework Directive (MSFD). Part I. Spatial distribution. Mediterranean Marine Science. 11(2): 381-493.
additional source	Rocha, R. M.; Bonnet, N. Y. K; Baptista, M. S.; Beltramin, F. S. (2012). Introduced and native Phlebobranch and Stolidobranch solitary ascidians (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) around Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. Zoologia. 29(1):39-53.
additional source	Vandepas, L. E.; Oliveira, L. M.; Lee, S. S.; Hirose, E.; Rocha, R. M.; Swalla, B.J. (2015). Biogeography of Phallusia nigra: Is it really black and white?. The Biological Bulletin. 228: 52-64.
additional source	Millar, R. H. (1975). Ascidians from the Indo-West-Pacific region in the zoological museum, Copenhagen (Tunicata, Ascidiacea). Steenstrupia. 3(20): 205-336.
additional source	Bonnet, N. Y. K.; Rocha, R. M. (2011). The Ascidiidae (Ascidiacea: Tunicata) of coastal Brazil. Zoological Studies. 50, 809-825.
additional source	Zenetos, A., M.E. Cinar, M.A. Pancucci-Papadopoulou, J.G. Harmelin, G. Furnari, F. Andaloro, N. Bellou, N. Streftaris & H. Zibrowius. (2005). Annotated list of marine alien species in the Mediterranean with records of the worst invasive species. Mediterranean Marine Science. 6 (2): 63-118.
additional source	Meliane, I.; Esplá, A. A.R. (2001). Records of ascidians (Chrodata, Tunicata) from Oman, south East of Arabian Peninsula. in: Claereboudt, M., Goddard, S., Al-Oufi, H., and McIlwain, J. eds. Proc. 1st International Conference on Fisheries, Aquaculture and Environment in the NW Indian Ocean, Sultan Qaboos University, Muscat, Sultanate of Oman. pp 37-43.
additional source	Bonnet, N. Y. K.; Rocha, R. M. (2011). The family Ascidiidae Herdman (Tunicata: Ascidiacea) in Bocas del Toro, Panama. Description of six new species. Zootaxa. 2864:1–33.

Genbank

Citation

Shenkar, N.; Gittenberger, A.; Lambert, G.; Rius, M.; Moreira da Rocha, R.; Swalla, B.J.; Turon, X. (2025). Ascidiacea World Database. Phallusia nigra Savigny, 1816. Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:103725