Relationships towards this taxonGenus group namesSpecies group namesVernaculars (+)
(-) Catalan: anèmona incrustant groga sources: Club d'immersió Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona English: yellow cluster anemone; yellow commensal zoanthid; yellow encrusting sea anemone sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points;Cole, T. C. H. (2017). Wörterbuch der Wirbellosen / Dictionary of Invertebrates. Latein-Deutsch-English. 2017. Springer Spektrum: Berlin. ISBN 978-3-662-52869-3. XII, 574 pp. French: anémone encroûtante jaune  German: Gelbe Krustenanemone sources: Cole, T. C. H. (2017). Wörterbuch der Wirbellosen / Dictionary of Invertebrates. Latein-Deutsch-English. 2017. Springer Spektrum: Berlin. ISBN 978-3-662-52869-3. XII, 574 pp. Italian: margherita di mare sources: Club d'immersió Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona Spanish, Castillian: anémona incrustante amarilla Literaturebasis of record | van der Land, J.; den Hartog, J.H. (2001). Actiniaria, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 106-109 | additional source | Abel, E.F. (1959). Zur Kenntnis der marinen Hohlenfauna unter besonderer Beriicksichtigung der Anthozoen. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli. 30 (Suppl. 1): 1-94. | additional source | Manuel, R. L. (1981). British Anthozoa. London: Academic Press. 241 pp. (Synopses of the British Fauna). | additional source | Pax, F. 1937. Die Korallenfauna der Adria. Teil 1: Krustenanemonen. Thalassia. 2(7):3-66. | additional source | Lwowsky, F.F., 1913. Revision der Gattung Sidisia Gray (Epizoanthus Auct.). Ein Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Zooanthiden. Zool. Jb., Syst. 34 5-6: 557-614. | additional source | Herberts, C. (1972). Etude systématique de quelques zoanthaires tempérés et tropicaux. Tethys. Supplement 3, pp. 69-156. | additional source | Riedl, R. (1963). Fauna und Flora der Adria. Paul Parey. Hamburg and Berlin., edition 1, pp. 702. | additional source | Swain, T. D. 2009. Isozoanthus antumbrosus, a new species of zoanthid (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Zoanthidea) symbiotic with Hydrozoa from the Caribbean, with a key to hydroid and sponge-symbiotic zoanthid species. Zootaxa 2051: 41-48. | additional source | Ryland, J. S. (2000). Reproduction in British zoanthids, and an unusual process in Parazoanthus anguicomus. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80, 943-944 | additional source | Won, J. H.; Rho, B. J.; Song, J. I. (2001). A phylogenetic study of the Anthozoa (phylum Cnidaria) based on morphological and molecular characters. Coral Reefs, 20(1): 39-50 | additional source | Garrabou, J. (1999). Life-history traits of Alcyonium acaule and Parazoanthus axinellae (Cnidaria, Anthozoa), with emphasis on growth. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 178, 193-204 | additional source | Cornelius, P. F. S.; Manuel, R. L.; Ryland, J. S. (1995). Hydroids, sea anemones, jellyfish, and comb jellies (Phyla Cnidaria and Ctenophora). Oxford University Press. Oxford., chapter 4, edition 2nd, pp. 800 | additional source | Haddon, A. and Shackleton, A. (1891). A revision of the British actiniæ. Part II.: The Zoantheæ. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 4 (12): 609-672. | additional source | Ono, S.; Reimer, J. D.; Tsukahara, J. (2005). Reproduction of Zoanthus sansibaricus in the infra-littoral zone at Taisho Lava Field, Sakurajima, Kagoshima, Japan. Zoological Science, 22, 247-255 | additional source | Picton, B. E. (1985). Anthozoans (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) new to Ireland and new records of some rarely recorded species. Irish Naturalists' Journal, 21(11): 484-488 | additional source | Pax, F.; Mueller, I. (1957). Zoantharien des zoologischen museums in Genua. Annali del Museu Civico di Storia Naturali 'Giacomo Doria', 69, 19-30 | additional source | Arndt, W.; Pax, F. (1936). Das Zusammenleben von Krustenanemonen und schwämmen im Mittelmeer, mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Adria. Thalassia, 2(3): 1-34 | additional source | Ryland, J. S. (1997). Reproduction in Zoanthidea (Anthozoa: Hexacorallia). Invertebrate Reproduction and Development, 31(1-3): 177-188 | additional source | Gili, J.M., 1982. Fauna de cnidaris de les illes Medes. Treballs Inst. Cat. Hist. nat. 10 : 1-175. | additional source | Philipp, N.A.; Fautin, D.G. (2009). Three new species of shallow water, yellow zoanthids (Hexacorallia: Zoanthidea: Epizoanthidae) from southern California, USA, and southern Australia. Zootaxa, 2058: 53–61. | additional source | Ardelean, A.; Fautin, D. G. (2004). A new species of the sea anemone Megalactis (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniaria, Actinodendridae) from Taiwan and designation of a neotype for the type species of the genus. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 117(4): 488-504 | additional source | Colin, P.L.; Arneson, C. (1995). Tropical Pacific Invertebrates. A fieldGuide to the Marine Invertebrates Occurring on Tropical Pacific Coral Reefs, Seagrass Beds and Mangroves. Coral Reef Press: Irvine, USA. 1-296. | additional source | Reimer JD, Sinniger F, Fujiwara Y, Hirano S, Maruyama T. 2007. Morphological and molecular characterisation of Abyssoanthus nankaiensis, a new family, new genus and new species of deep-sea zoanthid (Anthozoa:Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) from a north-west Pacific methane cold seep | additional source | Ryland, J.S., Brasseur M.M., Lancaster J.E., 2004. Use of cnidae in taxonomy: implications from a study of Acrozoanthus australiae (Hexacorallia, Zoanthidea). Journal of Natural History 38 : 1193-1223. | additional source | Sinniger, F.; Reimer, J.D.; Pawlowski, J. (2010). The Parazoanthidae (Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) DNA taxonomy: description of two new genera. Marine Biodiversity, 40(1), 57-70. | additional source | Fosså, S. A.; Nilsen, A. J. (1995). Korallenriff-Aquarium, 4. Nesseltiere in Korallenriff und für das Korallenriff-Aquarium. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag. Bornheim, Germany., edition 1st, volume 4, pp. 447. | additional source | Sinniger and Haussermann. 2009. Zoanthids (Cnidaria: Hexacorallia: Zoantharia) from shallow waters
of the southern Chilean fjord region, with descriptions of a new genus and two new species | additional source | Reimer, J.D.; Sinniger, F. (2010). Unexpected diversity in Canadian Pacific zoanthids (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Hexacorallia): a molecular examination and description of a new species from the waters of British Columbia. Mar. Biodiv., 40(4): 249-260. | additional source | Seifert, R. (1928). Die Nesselkapseln der Zoantharien und ihre differentialdiagnostische Bedeutung. Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Systematik, Ökologie und Geographie der Tiere, 55, 419-500 | additional source | Pax, F.; Lochter, H. (1935). Epizoanthus vatovai, eine neue Carcinoecien bildende Krustenanemone der Adria. Note dell'Instituto Italo-Germanico di biologia marina di Rovigno d'Istria, 1, 3-16 | additional source | Daly, M.; Lipscomb, D. L.; Allard, M. W. (2002). A simple test: evaluating explanations for the relative simplicity of the Edwardsiidae (Cnidaria: Anthozoa). Evolution, 56(3): 502-510 | additional source | Hayward, P.J. & J.S. Ryland (Eds.). (1990). The marine fauna of the British Isles and North-West Europe: 1. Introduction and protozoans to arthropods. Clarendon Press: Oxford, UK. 627 pp. | additional source | Schmidt, H., 1969. Die nesselkapseln der aktinien und ihre differentialdiagnostische bedeutung. The nematocysts of the sea anemones and their importance for differential-diagnosis. Helgoländer wiss. Meeresunters. 19 : 284-317. | additional source | Herberts, C. (1972). Contribution a l'étude biologique de quelques zoanthaires tempérés et tropicaux. I. - Reproduction, croissance somatique, bourgeonnement. Tethys, 4(3): 711-728 | additional source | Acosta, A.; Sammarco, P. W.; Duarte, L. F. (2005). New fission processes in the zoanthid Palythoa caribaeorum: description and quantitative aspects. Bulletin of Marine Science, 76(1): 1-26 | additional source | Reimer, J.D.; Fujii, T. (2010). Four new species and one new genus of zoanthids (Cnidaria, Hexacorallia) from the Galápagos Islands. ZooKeys, 42: 1-36. | additional source | Herberts, C. (1987). Ordre des Zoanthaires. Masson. Paris., pp. 783-810 | additional source | Herberts, C. (1972). Contribution à l'étude écologique de quelques zoanthaires tempérés et tropicaux. Marine Biology, 13, 127-136 | additional source | Pax, F. (1935). Beobachtungen an lebenden Krustenanemonen. Praktische Mikroskopie, 13(11): 330-344 | additional source | Hayward, P. J.; Nelson-Smith, T.; Shields, C. (1986). Collins Pocket Guide. Sea Shore of Britain & Northern Europe. HarperCollins. London., pp. 352. | additional source | Ates, R. M. L. (1995). Colonial anemones - Zoanthiniaria. A review for the seriously interested marine aquarist. Aquarium Frontiers, Spring 1995, 10-13 | additional source | Duerden, J. E. (1900). Jamaican Actiniaria. Part II. - Stichodactylinæ and Zoantheæ. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society, 7, 2, 133-208 | additional source | Pax, F. (1911). Aktinien der Aru-Inseln. Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 33: 297-304. | additional source | Schmidt, H. (1974). On evolution in the Anthozoa. Proceedings of the Second International Coral Reef Symposium, 1, 533-560 | additional source | Fossa, S. A.; Nilsen, A. J. (1998). The Modern Coral Reef Aquarium. Birgit Schmettkamp Verlag, Bornheim, Germany. volume 2, pp 479. | additional source | Pax, F.; Müller, I. (1956). Westafrikanische Zoantharien. Bulletin de l'Institute Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belgique, 32(61): 1-11 | additional source | Muirhead, A. M.; Ryland, J. S. (1985). A review of the genus Isaurus Gray, 1828 (Zoanthidea), including new records from Fiji. Journal of Natural History, 19, 323-335 | additional source | Carlgren, O. (1935). Di alcune Attinie e Zoantarî raccolti nel Golfo di Genova. Bollettino del Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata, 15(83): 3-14 | additional source | Schmidt, H. (1972). Bionomische studien an Mediterranen Anthozoen: die Anthozoenfauna des Strombolicchio (Äolische Inseln). Marine Biology, 15, 265-278 | additional source | Ocaña, O.; Brito, A.; Núñez, J.; Bacallado, J. J. (1995). Redescripción de Gerardia savaglia (Bertoloni, 1819) (Anthozoa: Zoantharia: Gerardiidae). Vieraea, 24, 153-164 | additional source | Haddon, A. and Shackleton, A. (1891). Reports on the zoological collections made in Torres Straits by Professor A. C. Haddon, 1888-1889. Actiniæ: I. Zoantheæ. Scientific Transactions of the Royal Dublin Society. 4 (13): 673-701. | additional source | Vafidis, D.; Koukouras, A. (1998). Antipatharia, Ceriantharia, and Zoantharia (Hexacorallia, Anthozoa) of the Aegean Sea with a check list of the Mediterranean and Black Sea species. Annales de l'Institute Oceanographique, 74(2): 115-126 | additional source | Sinniger, F.; Montoya-Burgos, J. I.; Chevaldonné, P.; Pawlowski, J. (2005). Phylogeny of the order Zoantharia (Anthozoa, Hexacorallia) based on the mitochondrial ribosomal genes. Marine Biology. 147(5): 1121-1128. | additional source | Schmidt, H. (1972). Die Nesselkapseln der Anthozoen und ihre Bedeutung fur die phylogenetische Systematik. Helgoländer Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 23, 422-458 | additional source | Rossi, L. (1956). Osservazioni ecologiche su alcuni Antozoi del golfo di Genova. Bollettino di Zoologia, 23(2): 237-246 | additional source | Pax, F. (1938). Parazoanthus axinellae als Höhlenbewohner. Note dell'Instituto Italo-Germanico di biologia marina di Rovigno d'Istria, 2, 5, 3-15 | additional source | Pax, F. (1957). Die Zoantharien des Golfes von Neapel. Pubblicazioni della Stazione Zoologica di Napoli. 30: 309-329. | additional source | Riedl, R. (1970). Fauna und Flora der Adria. Paul Parey. Hamburg and Berlin., pp. 702. |
 
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External LinksMarine Life Information Network - UK
CitationReimer, J.D.; Sinniger, F. (2025). World List of Zoantharia. Parazoanthus axinellae (Schmidt, 1862). Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:101055ImageOccurrence
 Present Absent Doubtful Native Introduced Naturalised Invasive Managed No data |
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Environment  
marine, not fresh, not terrestrial
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