Higher Classification: > Kingdom Plantae > Subkingdom Viridiplantae > Infrakingdom Streptophyta > Division Tracheophyta > Subdivision Spermatophytina > Class Magnoliopsida > Superorder Rosanae > Order Fagales > Family Fagaceae > Genus Quercus

Quercus ilex L.

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

QuercusL.accepted genus name
Balanaulax Raf. heterotypic synonym
Cerris Raf. heterotypic synonym
Cyclobalanopsis Oerst. heterotypic synonym
Dryopsila Raf. heterotypic synonym
Eriodrys Raf. heterotypic synonym
Erythrobalanus (Oerst.) O. Schwarz heterotypic synonym
Ilex Mill. heterotypic synonym
Macrobalanus (Oerst.) O. Schwarz heterotypic synonym
Perytis Raf. heterotypic synonym
Scolodrys Raf. heterotypic synonym
Quercus afares Pomel taxonomically included in
Quercus alnifolia Poech taxonomically included in
Quercus aucheri Jaub. & Spach taxonomically included in
Quercus brantii Lindl. taxonomically included in
Quercus canariensis Willd. taxonomically included in
Quercus castaneifolia C. A. Mey. taxonomically included in
Quercus cerris L. taxonomically included in
Quercus coccifera L. taxonomically included in
Quercus congesta C. Presl taxonomically included in
Quercus crenata Lam. taxonomically included in
Quercus dalechampii Ten. taxonomically included in
Quercus faginea Lam. taxonomically included in
Quercus frainetto Ten. taxonomically included in
Quercus gussonei (Borzì) Brullo taxonomically included in
Quercus hartwissiana Steven taxonomically included in
Quercus ichnusae Mossa, Bacch. & Brullo taxonomically included in
Quercus ilex L. taxonomically included in
Quercus infectoria G. Olivier taxonomically included in
Quercus ithaburensis Decne. taxonomically included in
Quercus kotschyana O. Schwarz taxonomically included in
Quercus lancifolia Schltdl. & Cham. taxonomically included in
Quercus libani G. Olivier taxonomically included in
Quercus lusitanica Lam. taxonomically included in
Quercus macranthera Fisch. & C. A. Mey. ex Hohen. taxonomically included in
Quercus orocantabrica Rivas Mart., Penas, T. E. Díaz & Llamas taxonomically included in
Quercus palustris Münchh. taxonomically included in
Quercus pauciradiata Penas, Llamas, Pérez Morales & Acedo taxonomically included in
Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl. taxonomically included in
Quercus pontica K. Koch taxonomically included in
Quercus protoroburoides Donchev & Bouzov ex Tashev & Tsavkov taxonomically included in
Quercus pubescens Willd. taxonomically included in
Quercus pyrenaica Willd. taxonomically included in
Quercus robur L. taxonomically included in
Quercus rotundifolia Lam. taxonomically included in
Quercus rubra L. taxonomically included in
Quercus sicula Borzì taxonomically included in
Quercus suber L. taxonomically included in
Quercus trojana Webb taxonomically included in
Quercus vulcanica Boiss. & Heldr. ex Kotschy taxonomically included in

Species group names

Quercus ilex f. vulgaris Cout. homotypic synonym; nom. inval.
Quercus ilex subsp. genuina (Cout.) C. Vicioso homotypic synonym; nom. inval.
Quercus ilex var. genuina Cout. homotypic synonym; nom. inval.
Quercus ilex var. vulgaris (Cout.) C. Vicioso homotypic synonym; nom. inval.
Quercus alpina Endl. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ballota var. grandifolia Colmeiro heterotypic synonym
Quercus ballota var. obovatifolia Colmeiro heterotypic synonym
Quercus bellota Colmeiro & E. Boutelou heterotypic synonym
Quercus castellana Poir. heterotypic synonym
Quercus cookii Loudon heterotypic synonym
Quercus crispa K. Koch heterotypic synonym
Quercus cyclophylla Welw. ex Nyman heterotypic synonym
Quercus expansa Poir. heterotypic synonym
Quercus fagifolia K. Koch heterotypic synonym
Quercus fordii (Loudon) Carr heterotypic synonym
Quercus glauca Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym; nom. illeg.
Quercus gracilis Lange heterotypic synonym; nom. illeg.
Quercus gramuntia L. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex f. ambigua (Albert) C. Vicioso heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex f. obesa (Albert) F. M. Vázquez heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex f. stenocarpa (Albert) F. M. Vázquez heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex f. urceolata (Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr.) F. M. Vázquez heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subsp. gracilis Rivas Mart. & Sáenz de Rivas heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subsp. montserratensis Svent. & Marcet heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. brevicalyx Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. caduca A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. capreifolia Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. cordifolia (Albert) A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. dehnhardtii Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. laurifolia (Laguna) Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. marginata Rouy heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. micracylos Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. parvifolia (Borzì) Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. plicata Rouy heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex subvar. reducta (Albert) A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. ambigua Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. angustifolia Lam. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. angustifolia Gillot heterotypic synonym; nom. illeg.
Quercus ilex var. aperta Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. argentata Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. brachycalyx Borzì heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. brevicupulata (Laguna) C. Vicioso heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. calycina (Poir.) Laguna heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. cerasifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. conocarpa Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. constricta Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. cordifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. crispa Lodd. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. crispata Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. cylindrocarpa Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. denudata Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. depressa Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. dolichocalyx C. Vicioso heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. elegans Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. ellipticifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. eucalyptoides Lojac. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. expansa (Poir.) A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. fagifolia Sprenger heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. fagifolia Lodd. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. fimbriata Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. fordii Loudon heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. geminiflora Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. genabii Bean heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. glaucocaesia Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. gracilis Laguna heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. gramunita (L.) Loudon heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. grandifolia (Colmeiro) C. Vicioso heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. integrifolia Lodd. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. intermedia Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. lanceolata Kotschy heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. latifolia Lodd. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. laurifolia Laguna heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. longifolia Lodd. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. macrocarpa Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. macrophylla Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. marcetii (Pau) C. Vicioso heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. microbalana Borzì heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. microcarpa Gand. ex A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. microphylla Batt. & Trab. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. mirabilis Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. myrtifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. obesa Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. oblongifolia Lam. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. obovatifolia (Colmeiro) C. Vicioso heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. oleifolia Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. oleoides Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. oosperma Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. operculata Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. ovatiacutifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. ovifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. parvifolia Borzì heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. pisiformis Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. plicata (Rouy) A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. polycarpa Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. reducta Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. revoluta Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. revoluta Albert heterotypic synonym; nom. illeg.
Quercus ilex var. rhododendrifolia Murr heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. rostrata Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. salicifolia Borzì heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. serratifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. sinuosifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. smilax (L.) Asch. & Graebn. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. sphaerocarpa Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. spinifolia Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. spinulosa Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. stenocarpa Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. strangulata Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. subocculata Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. subrevoluta A. Camus heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. subsphaerocarpa Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. turbinata Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. undulata Ten. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. undulata Albert heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilex var. urceolata Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym
Quercus ilicifolia Salisb. heterotypic synonym
Quercus integrifolia Steud. heterotypic synonym
Quercus laurei Coutange heterotypic synonym
Quercus marcetii Pau heterotypic synonym
Quercus mixta Reyn. heterotypic synonym; nom. illeg.
Quercus montserratensis (Svent. & Marcet) Svent. & Marcet heterotypic synonym
Quercus oblonga K. Koch heterotypic synonym
Quercus prasina Pers. heterotypic synonym
Quercus pseudoilex Chatin heterotypic synonym
Quercus rotundifolia f. dolichocalyx (C. Vicioso) F. M. Vázquez heterotypic synonym
Quercus rotundifolia f. expansa (Poir.) F. M. Vázquez heterotypic synonym
Quercus sempervirens Mill. heterotypic synonym
Quercus sinuata Martrin-Donos & Timb.-Lagr. heterotypic synonym; nom. illeg.
Quercus smilax L. heterotypic synonym
Quercus smilax var. fordii (Loudon) Halácsy heterotypic synonym
Quercus variifolia Sweet heterotypic synonym

Vernaculars (+) (-)

 Aragonese: carrasca; carrasquilla; encina sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Asturian: ancina; ardina; encina sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Basque: abarra; aritx; arta; arte; artea; artia; artua; enzino; escurra; escurracia; escurzi; ezkurr; ezkurraitz; ezkurrtze; lenzino; tartaca; txaparro-enzino; zarbazta sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Catalan: aglà; aglanar; aglaner; aglanera; alsina; alsinera; alzina; alzina carrasca; alzina de fulla llarga; alzina vera; alzinera; aulina; ausina; auzina; carrasca; carrascla; garric; gla; gla/glans; glan; gland; glaner; glans; rebroll sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Galician: aciña; aciñeira; ancina; anciña; carrasca; carrasqueira; carrasqueiro; carroucha; chaparra; enciña; enciñeira; encino; enciño; jardones; jardos; xardones sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 High Aragonese: carrasca; carrasquera sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Majorcan: aglaner; aglanera; alzina; alzina ravell; ausina; auzina; auzina comuna; coscoll; eusina sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Portuguese: asinheira; azinheira; azinheira da bolota doce; azinheiro; azinho; azinho vulgar; carraco-loireiro; carrasca; carrasco loireiro; carvalheiro-enzinho; carvalho-enzinho; engenheira; ensinheira; enzinheira; sardâo; sardoeira sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Spanish, Castillian: alsina; ancina; argallón (agalla); bellota; carrasca; carrasca clofolluda; carrasca negra; carrascal; carrasco; carrasquera; carrasquilla; chaparra; chaparra de encina; chaparro; chaparro común; charrasco; chavasco; coscoja; encina; encina común; encina con hojas de acebo; encina d hojas largas dmuy pocas espinas y blandas; encina de bellotas amargas; encina de bellotas dulces; encina de hojas largas y dentadas; encina dulce; encino; marrasca; mata parda; matacalles; matacán; mataparda; matorra; matorra parda; sardón; xardón sources: anonymous 2010: Anthos. Information System of the plants of Spain. Real Jardín Botánico, CSIC - Fundación Biodiversidad – http://www.anthos.es/
 Valencian: alsina; alzina; carrasca; carrasca clafolluda; carrasca vera; coscolla negra

Literature

nomenclatural reference

Sp. Pl.: 995. 1753

Genbank

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Citation

World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (2010), copyright © The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Quercus ilex L. Accessed through: Euro+Med PlantBase at https://europlusmed.org/cdm_dataportal/taxon/863454ad-e855-4957-ae28-5a3681326bb7

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Occurrence

 Present  Absent  Doubtful  Native  Introduced  Naturalised  Invasive  Managed  No data

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Importance

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863454ad-e855-4957-ae28-5a3681326bb7

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