Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Subkingdom Eumetazoa > Phylum Annelida > Class Polychaeta > Subclass Errantia > Order Phyllodocida > Suborder Aphroditiformia > Family Sigalionidae

Pholoinae Kinberg, 1858

Rank: Subfamily
Taxon Status: accepted

Children

Laubierpholoe Pettibone, 1992
Pholoe Johnston, 1839
Pholoides Pruvot, 1895

Vernaculars (+) (-)

English: scaleworms sources: PESI (A Pan-European Species directories Infrastructure) focal points

Japanese: フォロエ／ヒメウロコムシ科

Literature

original description	Kinberg, J. G. H. (1858). Annulater [scale worms]. Kongliga Svenska Fregatten Eugenies Resa omkring jorden under befal af C.A. Virgin aren 1851-1853. Zoology. 1(2): 1-32. Vetenskapliga Iakttagelser. Almquist & Wicksells. Uppsala & Stockholm.
additional source	Struck, Torsten H.; Purschke, Guenter and Halanych, Kenneth M. 2005. A scaleless scale worm: Molecular evidence for the phylogenetic placement of Pisione remota (Pisionidae, Annelida). Marine Biology Research, 1:243-253
additional source	Wiklund, Helena, Nygren, Arne, Pleijel, Fredrik and Sundberg, Per 2005. Phylogeny of Aphroditiformia (Polychaeta) based on molecular and morphological data. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 37: 495-502.
additional source	Rouse, G. W.; Pleijel, F. (2001). Polychaetes. Oxford University Press: Oxford, UK [etc.]. ISBN 0-19-850608-2. 354 pp.
redescription	Pettibone, M. H. 1992. Contribution to the polychaete family Pholoidae Kinberg. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology. 532: 1-24.
status source	Norlinder, Erika; Nygren, Arne; Wiklund, Helena; Pleijel, Fredrik. (2012). Phylogeny of scale-worms (Aphroditiformia, Annelida), assessed from 18SrRNA, 28SrRNA, 16SrRNA, mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI), and morphology. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 65(2): 490-500.
taxonomy source	Padovanni, Nathalia; Amaral, Antonia Cecília Z. 2013. New species of the scale worm genus Pholoe (Polychaeta: Pholoidae) from southeast Brazil. Zootaxa 3710 (5): 485–497(5): 485–497
taxonomy source	Barnich, Ruth; Fiege, Dieter. (2003). The Aphroditoidea (Annelida: Polychaeta) of the Mediterranean Sea. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft. 559: 1-167.
taxonomy source	Aungtonya, Charatsee; Eibye-Jacobsen, Danny. (2014). Annotated checklist of the taxa of Sigalionidae and Pholoidae (Annelida: Polychaeta. Phuket Marine Biological Center Special publication. 32, 151-185.
identification resource	Barnich, Ruth. (2011). Identification of scale worms in British and Irish waters. NMBAQC 2010 taxonomic workshop, Dove Marine Laboratory. 52 pp.

Genbank

Citation

Read, G.; Fauchald, K. (Ed.) (2025). World Polychaeta Database. Pholoinae Kinberg, 1858. Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:941