Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Subkingdom Parazoa > Phylum Porifera > Subphylum Cellularia > Class Demospongiae

Heteroscleromorpha Cárdenas, Pérez & Boury-Esnault, 2012

Rank: Subclass
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Subclass group names

*Agelasida*	Hartman, 1980	taxonomically included in
*Axinellida*	Lévi, 1953	taxonomically included in
*Biemnida*	Morrow, 2013	taxonomically included in
*Bubarida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Clionaida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Desmacellida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Haplosclerida*	Topsent, 1928	taxonomically included in
*Merliida*	Vacelet, 1979	taxonomically included in
*Poecilosclerida*	Topsent, 1928	taxonomically included in
*Polymastiida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Scopalinida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Spongillida*	Manconi & Pronzato, 2002	taxonomically included in
*Suberitida*	Chombard & Boury-Esnault, 1999	taxonomically included in
*Tethyida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Tetractinellida*	Marshall, 1876	taxonomically included in
*Trachycladida*	Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015	taxonomically included in
*Hadromerida*	Topsent, 1894	synonym
*Halichondrida*	Gray, 1867	synonym
*Lithistida*	Schmidt, 1870	synonym

Children

Agelasida Hartman, 1980
Axinellida Lévi, 1953
Biemnida Morrow, 2013
Bubarida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Clionaida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Desmacellida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Haplosclerida Topsent, 1928
Merliida Vacelet, 1979
Poecilosclerida Topsent, 1928
Polymastiida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Scopalinida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Spongillida Manconi & Pronzato, 2002
Suberitida Chombard & Boury-Esnault, 1999
Tethyida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015
Tetractinellida Marshall, 1876
Trachycladida Morrow & Cárdenas, 2015

Literature

original description	Cárdenas, P.; Pérez, T.; Boury-Esnault, N. (2012). Sponge Systematics Facing New Challenges. In: Becerro MA, Uriz MJ, Maldonado M, Turon X (eds) Advances in Sponge Science: Phylogeny, Systematics, Ecology. Advances in Marine Biology. 61, 79-209.
basis of record	Morrow, C.; Cárdenas, P. (2015). Proposal for a revised classification of the Demospongiae (Porifera). Frontiers in Zoology. 12: 7.
additional source	Redmond, N.E.; Morrow, C.C.; Thacker, R.W.; Díaz, M.C.; Boury-Esnault, N.; Cárdenas, P.; Hajdu, E.; Lôbo-Hajdu, G.; Picton, B.E.; Pomponi, S.A.; Kayal, E.; Collins, A.G. (2013). Phylogeny and Systematics of Demospongiae in Light of New Small-Subunit Ribosomal DNA (18S) Sequences. Integrative and Comparative Biology. 53 (3): 388-415.
additional source	Boury-Esnault, N., G. Bellan, D. Bellan-Santini, C.F. Boudouresque, P.Chevaldonné, A. Dias, D. Faget, J.G. Harmelin, M. Harmelin-Vivien, C. Lejeusne, T. Pérez, J. Vacelet, M. Verlaque. (2023). The Station Marine d'Endoume, Marseille: 150 years of natural history. Zootaxa. 5249(2): 213-252.