Higher Classification: > Kingdom Chromista > Subkingdom Harosa > Infrakingdom Alveolata > Phylum Myzozoa > Subphylum Dinozoa > Infraphylum Dinoflagellata > Class Dinophyceae > Order Thoracosphaerales > Family Pfiesteriaceae > Genus Pfiesteria

Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & J.M.Burkholder, 1996

Rank: Species
Taxon Status: accepted

Relationships towards this taxon

Genus group names

*Pfiesteria*	K.A.Steidinger & J.M.Burkholder, 1996	accepted genus name

Literature

original description	Steidinger K.A., Burkholder J.M., Glasgow H.B. Jr., Hobbs C.W., Carrett J.K., Truby E.W., Noga E.J. & Smith S.A. 1996. Pfiesteria piscicida gen. et sp. nov. (Pfiesteriaceae fam. nov.), a new toxic dinoflagellate with a complex life cycle and behavior. J. Phycol. 32: 157-164.
basis of record	Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. searched on YYYY-MM-DD.
additional source	Moestrup, Ø., Akselman, R., Cronberg, G., Elbraechter, M., Fraga, S., Halim, Y., Hansen, G., Hoppenrath, M., Larsen, J., Lundholm, N., Nguyen, L. N., Zingone, A. (Eds) (2009 onwards). IOC-UNESCO Taxonomic Reference List of Harmful Micro Algae.
additional source	Burkholder J.M. & Glasgow H.B. 1997. Pfiesteria piscicida and other Pfiesteria-like dinoflagellates: behavior, impacts, and environmental controls. Limnol. Oceanogr. 42: 1052-1075.
additional source	Burkholder J.M., Glasgow H.B. & Hobbs C.W. 1995. Distribution and environmental conditions for fish kills linked to a toxic ambush-predator dinoflagellate: distribution and environmental conditions. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser. 124: 43-61.
additional source	Chang, F.H.; Charleston, W.A.G.; McKenna, P.B.; Clowes, C.D.; Wilson, G.J.; Broady, P.A. (2012). Phylum Myzozoa: dinoflagellates, perkinsids, ellobiopsids, sporozoans, in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2012). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 3. Kingdoms Bacteria, Protozoa, Chromista, Plantae, Fungi. pp. 175-216.
additional source	Burkholder J.M., Glasgow H.B. & Deamer-Helia N. 2001. Overview and present status of the toxic Pfiesteria complex (Dinophyceae). Phycologia 40: 186-214.
additional source	Steidinger, K. A., M. A. Faust, and D. U. Hernández-Becerril. 2009. Dinoflagellates (Dinoflagellata) of the Gulf of Mexico, Pp. 131–154 in Felder, D.L. and D.K. Camp (eds.), Gulf of Mexico–Origins, Waters, and Biota. Biodiversity. Texas A&M Press, College
additional source	Burkholder, J.M. & Marshall, H.G. 2012. Toxigenic Pfiesteria species - updates on biology, ecology, toxins, and impacts. Harmful Algae 14, 196-230
ecology source	Burkholder, J. M.; Glibert, P. M.; Skelton, H. M. (2008). Mixotrophy, a major mode of nutrition for harmful algal species in eutrophic waters. Harmful Algae. 8(1): 77-93.
ecology source	Lewitus, A.J.; Glasgow Jr, H.B.; Burkholder, J.M. (1999). Kleptoplastidy in the toxic dinoflagellate Pfiesteria piscicida (Dinophyceae). Journal of Phycology. 35(2): 303-312.
ecology source	Mitra, A.; Caron, D. A.; Faure, E.; Flynn, K. J.; Leles, S. G.; Hansen, P. J.; McManus, G. B.; Not, F.; Do Rosario Gomes, H.; Santoferrara, L. F.; Stoecker, D. K.; Tillmann, U. (2023). The Mixoplankton Database (MDB): Diversity of photo‐phago‐trophic plankton in form, function, and distribution across the global ocean. Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology. 70(4).
ecology source	Jeong, H. J.; Kang, H. C.; Lim, A. S.; Jang, S. H.; Lee, K.; Lee, S. Y.; Ok, J. H.; You, J. H.; Kim, J. H.; Lee, K. H.; Park, S. A.; Eom, S. H.; Yoo, Y. D.; Kim, K. Y. (2021). Feeding diverse prey as an excellent strategy of mixotrophic dinoflagellates for global dominance. Science Advances. 7(2).
ecology source	Leles, S. G.; Mitra, A.; Flynn, K. J.; Stoecker, D. K.; Hansen, P. J.; Calbet, A.; McManus, G. B.; Sanders, R. W.; Caron, D. A.; Not, F.; Hallegraeff, G. M.; Pitta, P.; Raven, J. A.; Johnson, M. D.; Glibert, P. M.; Våge, S. (2017). Oceanic protists with different forms of acquired phototrophy display contrasting biogeographies and abundance. Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 284(1860): 20170664.

Genbank

Taxonomy

Published in AlgaeBase

Citation

Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2025). AlgaeBase. World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway (taxonomic information republished from AlgaeBase with permission of M.D. Guiry). Pfiesteria piscicida Steidinger & J.M.Burkholder, 1996. Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:246598