Relationships towards this taxonGenus group namesVernaculars (+)
(-) English: maculate stony coral sources: National General Status Working Group [Groupe de travail national sur la situation générale]. (2017). Standardized Common Names for Wild Species in Canada [Noms communs normalisés pour les espèces sauvages au Canada]. French: scléractiniaire variable Literatureoriginal description | Duncan PM. (1873). A description of the Madreporaria dredged up during the Expeditions of H.M.S. 'Porcupine' in 1869 and 1870. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London. 8: 303-344, pls. 39-49. | basis of record | Cairns, S.D., Hoeksema, B.W., and J. van der Land, 2001. Scleractinia, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 109-110 | additional source | Reyes-Bonilla, H. (2002). Checklist of valid names and synonyms of stony corals (Anthozoa: Scleractinia) from the eastern Pacific. Journal of Natural History. 36(1): 1-13. | additional source | Reed, J. K.; Weaver, D. C.; Pomponi, S. A. (2006). Habitat and fauna of deep-water Lophelia pertusa coral reefs off the southeastern U.S.: Blake Plateau, Straits of Florida, and Gulf of Mexico. Bulletin of Marine Science, 78, 2, 343-375 | additional source | Cairns, S.D., V. Häussermann & G. Försterra. (2005). A review of the Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Chile, with the description of two new species. Zootaxa. 1018: 15-46. | additional source | Keller NB, Os'kina NS. (2008). Habitat temperature ranges of azooxantellate scleractinian corals in the World Ocean. Oceanology. 48 (1): 77-84. | additional source | Cairns, S.D. (2009-2017). On line appendix: Phylogenetic list of the 711 valid Recent azooxanthellate scleractinian species with their junior synonyms and depth ranges, 28 pp. In: Cold-Water Corals: The Biology and Geology of Deep-Sea Coral Habitats. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. | additional source | Moseley, H. N. (1881). Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76. Part III. On the deep-sea Madreporaria. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of the H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873-76 (Zoology), 2, Zoology, 3, (1): 127-208, 238-248 | additional source | Cairns, S.D. (1981). Marine flora and fauna of the northeastern United States. Scleractinia. NOAA Technical Report NMFS Circular. 438:1-12. | additional source | Alcock A. (1898). An account of the deep-sea Madreporaria collected by the Royal Indian Marine Survey Ship "Investigator". Trustees of the Indian Museum, Calcutta. pp. 1-29, pls. 1-3. | additional source | Veron JEN. (1986). Corals of Australia and the Indo-Pacific. Angus & Robertson Publishers. | additional source | Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). | additional source | Cairns, S.D. (1995). The marine fauna of New Zealand: Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa. New Zealand Oceanographic Memoir. 103: 1-210. | additional source | Vine, P. (1986). Red Sea Invertebrates. Immel Publishing, London. 224 pp. | additional source | Cairns, S.D., B.W. Hoeksema & J. van der Land. (1999). Appendix: List of extant stony corals. Atoll Research Bulletin. 459: 13-46. | additional source | Flint, H. C.; Waller, R. G.; Tyler, P. A. (2007). Reproductive ecology of Fungiacyathus marenzelleri from 4100 m depth in the northeast Pacific Ocean. Marine Biology, 151, 843-849 | additional source | Pourtalès, L. F.; De. (1878). Corals. In: Report on the Dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Gulf of Mexico, by the United States Coast Survey Steamer "Blake", Lieutenant-Commander C.D. Sigsbee, U.S.N., commanding. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College. 5(9): 197-212, pl. 1. | additional source | Moseley, H.N. (1881 [1880]). Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H.M.S. Challenger, in the years 1873–1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H.M.S. Challenger during the years 1873–76. Zoology. 2 (part 7): 1-248, pl. Hydrocorallinae 1-14, Helioporidae 1-2, Madreporaria 1-16. | additional source | Hoffmeister, J.E. (1933). Report on deep sea corals; obtained bv F.I.S "Endeavour" on the coasts of New South Wales, Victoria, South Australia and Tasmania. Australia. Dept. of Trade and Customs, Fisheries, Endeavour Reports. 6: 1-16, pls. 1-4. | additional source | Ramil Blanco, F.; Pulpeiro, E. F. (1990). Inventario de los antozoos de Galicia. A checklist of the Anthozoa from Galicia. Boletin de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural, 86(1-4): 17-30 | additional source | Kitahara MV. (2007). Species richness and distribution of azooxanthellate Scleractinia in Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science. 81 (3): 497-518. | additional source | Dawson EW. (1992). The Coelenterata of the New Zealand region: a handlist for curators, students and ecologists. Occasional papers of the Hutton Foundation, New Zealand. 1: 1-68. | additional source | Duncan, P. M. (1877). On the rapidity of growth and variability of some Madreporaria on an Atlantic cable, with remarks upon the rate of accumulation of foraminiferal deposits. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 26, 133-137 | additional source | Wells JW. (1958). Scleractinian Corals. British-Australian New Zealand Antarctic Research Expedition 1929-31 Reports Series B. 6(11): 257-275, pls. 1-2. | additional source | Schröder-Ritzrau, A.; Freiwald, A.; Mangini, A. (2005). U/Th-dating of deep-water corals from the eastern North Atlantic and the western Mediterranean Sea. André Freiwald and J. Murray Roberts (eds.). Springer. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 157-172 | additional source | Kitahara MV, Cordeiro RTS, Barbosa RV, Pires D Sumida PYG. (2020). Brazilian Deep-Sea Corals. In: Sumida PYG, Bernardino AF, De Léo FC (eds) Brazilian Deep-Sea Biodiversity. Brazilian Marine Biodiversity. Volume 3. Springer, Cham. pp. 73-107. | additional source | Cairns, S.D. & N.B. Keller. (1993). New taxa and distributional records of azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the tropical south-west Indian Ocean, with comments on their zoogeography and ecology. Annals of the South African Museum. 103(5): 213-292, 13 pls. | additional source | Gass, S. E.; Willison, M. J. H. (2005). An assessment of the distribution of deep-sea corals in Atlantic Canada by using both scientific and local forms of knowledge. André Freiwald and J. Murray Roberts (eds.). Springer. Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, pp. 223-245 | additional source | Kühlmann, D. H. H. (2006). Die Steinkorallensammlung im Naturhistorischen Museum in Rudolstadt (Thüringen) nebst ökologischen Bemerkungen. Rudolstädter Naturhistorische Schriften, 13, 37-113 | additional source | Breeze, H., D.S. Davis, M. Butler, and V. Kostylev. 1997. Distribution and status of deep sea corals off Nova Scotia. Ecology Action Centre. Halifax. 58 p. | additional source | Pourtalès, L.F. (1880). Report on the corals and Antipatharia. Reports on the results of dredging, under the supervision of Alexander Agassiz, in the Caribbean Sea, 1878-79, by the United States coast survey steamer "Blake", commander J.R. Bartlett, U.S.N., commanding. VI. .Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 6(4): 95-120, pls. 1-3. | additional source | Reed, J. K.; Pomponi, S. A.; Weaver, D. C.; Paull, C. K.; Wright, A. E. (2005). Deep-water sinkholes and bioherms of south Florida and the Pourtalès Terrace - habitat and fauna. Bulletin of Marine Science, 77(2): 267-296 | additional source | Pires DE. (2007). The azooxanthellate coral fauna of Brazil. Bulletin of Marine Science. 81:265-272. | additional source | Marenzeller, E. von. (1904). Steinkorallen. Wissenschaflichte Ergebnisse der deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer "Valdivia", 1838-1899,. Band 7: 281-318, pls. 14-18. | additional source | Cairns, S.D., L. Gershwin, F.J. Brook, P. Pugh, E.W. Dawson, O.V. Ocaña, W. Vervoort, G. Williams, J.E. Watson, D.M. Opresko, P. Schuchert, P.M. Hine, D.P. Gordon, H.I. Campbell, A.J. Wright, J.A.Sánchez & D.G. Fautin. (2009). Phylum Cnidaria: corals, medusae, hydroids, myxozoans. in: Gordon, D.P. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand inventory of biodiversity: 1. Kingdom Animalia: Radiata, Lophotrochozoa, Deuterostomia. :59-101. | additional source | Cairns, S.D. & H. Zibrowius. (1997). Cnidaria Anthozoa: Azooxanthellate Scleractinia from the Philippine and Indonesian regions. in: Crosnier, A. et al. (Ed.) Résultats des Campagnes MUSORSTOM 16. Campagne Franco-Indonésienne KARUBAR. Mémoires du Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle. Série A, Zoologie. 172: 27-244. | additional source | Zibrowius, H. (1974). Scleractiniares des Iles Saint Paul et Amsterdam (sud de L'Ocean Indien). Tethys, 5(4): 747-778 | additional source | Robertson R. (1970). Review of the predators and parasites of stony Corals, with special reference to symbiotic Prosobranch Gastropods. Pacific Science 24 (1): 43-54 | additional source | Cairns, S.D. (2004). The azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Coelenterata: Anthozoa) of Australia. Records of the Australian Museum. 56(3): 259-329. | additional source | Koehler, R. (1896). Liste par stations de dragage des animaux recueillis pendant la campagne du "Caudan". Annales de l'Université de Lyon, 26, 711-740 | additional source | Laborel, J. (1970). Les peuplements de madréporaires des côtes tropicales du Brésil. Annales de l'Université d'Abidjan, 2, E, (3): 7-261 | additional source | Keller NB, Oskina NS, Savilova TA. (2017). Distribution of deep-water Scleractinian corals in the Atlantic Ocean. Oceanology. 57 (2): 298-305. | additional source | Hall-Spencer, J.; Allain, V.; Fosså, J. H. (2002). Trawling damage to Northeast Atlantic ancient coral reefs. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London, 269, 507-511 | additional source | Rogers, A. D. (1999). The biology of Lophelia pertusa (Linnaeus, 1758) and other deep-water reef-forming corals and impacts from human activities. International Review of Hydrobiology, 84: 315-406 | additional source | Frederiksen, R.; Jensen, A., Westerberg, H. (1992). The distribution of the scleractinian coral Lophelia pertusa around the Faroe Islands and the relation to internal tidal mixing. Sarsia, 77, 157-171 | additional source | Wells JW (1964) Ahermatypic corals from Queensland. University of Queensland Papers, Department of Zoology 2: 107-121, pls. 1-3. | additional source | Brito A, Ocaña O. (2004). Corals of the Canary Islands. Skeleton anthozoans of the littoral and deep bottoms. Francisco Lemus, La Laguna. 1-477 pp. | additional source | Fautin, D. G.; Kozloff, E. N.; Siebert, A. E. (1987). Phylum Cnidaria - Class Anthozoa. University of Washington Press. Seattle and London., pp. 68-78 | additional source | Cairns, S.D. (1977). A checklist of the ahermatypic Scleractinia of the Gulf of Mexico, with the description of a new species. Gulf Research Reports. 6 (1): 9-15. | additional source | Cairns, S.D. (1998). Azooxanthellate Scleractinia (Cnidaria: Anthozoa) of Western Australia. Records of the Western Australian Museum. 18(4): 361-417. | additional source | Roule, L. (1896). Coelentérés. Annales de l'Université de Lyon, 26, 299-323 | additional source | Jensen, A. & R. Frederiksen, 1992. The fauna associated with the bank-forming deepwater coral Lophelia pertusa (Scleractinia) on the Faroe shelf. Sarsia 77 1: 53-69. | additional source | Gravier, C. (1920). Madréporaires provenant des campagnes des yachts Princesse-Alice et Hirondelle II (1893-1913). Annales de l'Institut Océanographique de Monaco. 55: 1-123, pls 1-16. | additional source | Zibrowius, H. (1985). Scléractiniaires bathyaux et abyssaux de l'Atlantique nord-oriental: campagnes BIOGAS (POLGAS) et INCAL. L. Laubier and Cl. Monniot (eds.). IFREMER, chapter 18, pp. 311-324 | redescription | Cairns, S.D. (1979). The deep-water Scleractinia of the Caribbean and adjacent waters. Studies on the Fauna of Curaçao and other Caribbean Islands. 57:1-341. | redescription | Zibrowius H. (1980). Les scléractiniaires de la Méditerranée et de l'Atlantique nord-oriental. Mémoires de l'Institut océanographique, Monaco. 11: 1-284, pls. 1-117. | redescription | Cairns, S.D. (1982). Antarctic and Subantarctic Scleractinia. Antarctic Research Series. 34: 1-74. | redescription | Cairns, S.D. & S.A. Parker. (1992). Review of the Recent Scleractinia (Stony Corals) of South Australia, Victoria and Tasmania. Records South Australian Museum, Monograph Series. 3: 1-82, pls. 1-18,. | ecology source | Roberts, J.M., A. Wheeler, A. Freiwald & S.D. Cairns. (2009). Cold-water corals: The biology and geology of deep-sea coral habitats. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK. 324 pp. |
 
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CitationHoeksema, B. W.; Cairns, S. (2025). World List of Scleractinia. Solenosmilia variabilis Duncan, 1873. Via: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2011) European Register of Marine Species, Accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:135168ImageOccurrence
 Present Absent Doubtful Native Introduced Naturalised Invasive Managed No data |
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marine, not fresh, not terrestrial
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