Higher Classification: > Kingdom Animalia > Phylum Echinodermata > Subphylum Echinozoa > Class Echinoidea > Subclass Euechinoidea > Infraclass Carinacea > Superorder Echinacea > Order Camarodonta > Infraorder Echinidea > Superfamily Odontophora

Toxopneustidae Troschel, 1872

Rank: Family
Taxon Status: accepted

Children

Sphaerechinus Desor, 1856
Toxopneustes L. Agassiz, 1841b

Literature

basis of record

Hansson, H.G. (2001). Echinodermata, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 336-351

additional source

Kroh, A. & Smith, A.B. (2010): The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids. Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, 8/2: 147-212.

identification resource

Smith, A.B. 2013. Key to the genera of Echinoida. In: Smith, A.B. & Kroh, A. (editors) The Echinoid Directory. World Wide Web electronic publication.

Genbank

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External Links

GenBank
GBIF

Citation

Kroh, A. (2014). Toxopneustidae Troschel, 1872. In: Kroh, A. & Mooi, R. (2014) World Echinoidea Database. In: Costello, M.J.; Bouchet, P.; Boxshall, G.; Arvantidis, C.; Appeltans, W. (2014) European Register of Marine Species, accessed through PESI at http://www.eu-nomen.eu/portal/taxon.php?GUID=urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:123179

Image

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Occurrence

 Present  Absent  Doubtful  Native  Introduced  Naturalised  Invasive  Managed  No data

Environment


marine, not brackish, not fresh, not terrestrial

Importance

no data

Provided by

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GUID

urn:lsid:marinespecies.org:taxname:123179

Last modified

2010-08-31 by Andreas Kroh

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